I don’t think so, and I believe that the xRef case is providing auxiliary descriptions.
The linked article doesn’t say that the title attribute is always bad for accessibility, but that you should consider providing an accessible alternative if you decide to use them and to avoid using them for primary labels.
In the xRef case, the primary label is the textContent of the <a>nchor link, and the title attribute provides an auxiliary description, which is copied from the first paragraph or the article’s seoSummary.